The Periphery of Empire could not be permitted Their Freedom

Destabilizing a Newly-Free Iran. In 1951, Dr. Mohammed Mossadeq took the reins of power in Iran from the British-backed ruler. Like Vietnamese leaders who wished to copy the U.S. constitution but ended up fighting the United States for their independence, this progressive leader as well as most Iranians, viewed

America as a land of wonderful opportunities and wonderful people....  [Mossadeq] never became anti-American and continued to believe that the United States was still the only major power capable of making a positive contribution to the reshaping of the world in favor of those nations which had long suffered from European imperialism.[82]

But European imperialists had destroyed each other's wealth in WWII battling over the world's resources and the wealth-producing-process and, unknown to Middle Eastern societies (or to the American people), U.S. foreign policy was designed to protect the wealth of the West through denying independence to any nation that might ally with the East or whose independence might trigger other breaks for freedom.[ee] In short, it was Iran's potential for success that was feared.

For two years Mossadeq held out while Western oil interests pulled government strings to embargo Iran's oil and deny them funds. During this time, and even with the loss of 100,000 jobs in the oil industry due to that embargo, there was a "slight improvement in employment, overall economic production, and balance of trade." In their effort to break the West's embargo, Iran threatened to start trading with the Soviet bloc.[83]

That was their fatal mistake. The fear that an independent Iran might someday join forces with their Soviet neighbor guided the West's Middle East policies. Instead of using its influence and power to break the chains of British and French colonialism by supporting the budding democracy, the United States joined hands with Britain in the 1953 covert intervention (Operation Ajax, with Gulf Oil's future Vice President, Kermit Roosevelt, in charge) that placed the feudal Shah back in power. America gained 40% of Iranian oil rights: Britain claimed the rest. A few thousand Iranians were tortured and a few hundred were killed to re-impose feudalism in Iran .[84] Even though this was largely a British MI6 operation, the Americans, in a burst of self-congratulation, openly took credit for it.

The CIA's Mighty Wurlitzer cranked out massive misinformation and a docile press passed these fraudulent stories to the gentle masses of the idealistic free world with never a whisper that the terrorism within Iran was being carried out under the supervision of their government. When Iranians eventually overthrew the Shah, the same Mighty Wurlitzer cranked out the rhetoric of an enemy and, of course, knowing it was the leaders of the "free" world who overthrew their democracy, Iranians had become a true enemy.

Remember, Iran had been America's very good friend, planning to emulate its freedom and democratic structure. It was looking forward to the same quality of life enjoyed by Americans. To maintain control of Iran's people, the Shah and his CIA-trained secret police instituted a reign of terror, torture, and atrocities that lasted for 25 years. The values of rights, justice, and freedom that Americans cherish so deeply had been set aside when it applied to others and replaced by an agenda of the world's powerbrokers for protecting and expanding their wealth and power.

With an immediate payment of $45-million (part of an eventual $21-billion), the wealthy nations then removed their economic blockade, renewed their aid, and went on to make Iran their Middle East surrogate and regional military power.[85] Of course, the billions of dollars' worth of military hardware were bought with Iran's oil. That was not by chance. Later, when OPEC was formed, oil prices started rising and money started moving outside the control of the old powerbrokers. Just as when Iran declared its independence, the neo-mercantile monopolization was broken at this point and President Nixon's national security advisor, Henry Kissinger, recommended "massive arms sales to Middle East oil states as a way of recycling the petrodollars that were rapidly flowing out of the United States."[86]

Note how Iran's oil wealth was returned to the centers of capital through arms sales, both when their surrogate, the Shah, was in power and again when the Middle East was temporarily outside their control. This is a crucial aspect of foreign policies of imperial-centers-of-capital. In spite of the rhetoric of compassion and aid for the world's impoverished, we must remember how-except when allies are needed in balance of power struggles-the owners of capital have always tried to prevent the accumulation of competing capital.[ff] The oil money in the Middle East had to be soaked up and returned to the old centers-of-capital or it would have become another center-of-capital that could build industry and take over resources and markets.[87]

As oil sources were limited, the developed world did not have the option of excluding the entire Middle East from world markets as they had done with Iran and the 1991-2003 embargoes against Iraq. If used for both fuel and raw material, the industrial nations' refineries and chemical complexes could never compete with the cheap oil in the Middle East. The developed world was in the position identical to that of the free cities of Europe centuries ago, as addressed above, which stood to lose their industry and trade to the countryside. If permitted capital, the comparative advantage of the Middle East's raw material and fuel (oil almost free flowing) would eliminate the current centers of capital as refiners and marketers of the finished products.

Meanwhile, having tasted freedom, such repressive measures against their sovereignty converted the friendly Iranians, who once looked to America for guidance and support, into deadly enemies. The Ayatollah Khomeini and his Islamic followers overthrew the Shah in 1979 and Muslim zealots gained full control. It was the loss of those oil resources and the potential loss of refineries and markets that dictated Iran be depicted as an enemy to the citizens of "free" nations. If this had been reversed, the justice of the battle to control one's own wealth would have been obvious to us all-that is to all except the citizens of the imperial society who would have heard resounding rhetoric portraying Americans, the insurgents as enemies.

While the media were giving the American public massive exposure on how barbaric Iranians were holding innocent Americans hostage, not a word was heard that the Iranian democracy had been overthrown and the dictator Shah being put in power by the CIA. Nor did the Americans hear about the thousands of Iranians tortured and many killed by the Shah's secret service, Savak, established and trained by the CIA. Who were those tortured and killed? They were no less than patriots battling for democracy and freedom for Iranians; the George Washingtons, Thomas Jeffersons, Gandhis, and Martin Luther Kings of Iran.

How angry would Americans be if a powerful nation overthrew their government and placed Britainback in power? Is it not a certainty that America's greatest heroes would be those that continued that fight for freedom?

All the Middle East is logically one country and is considered so by many Arabs. After all, where would America's wealth be if Mexico set up and controlled governments in Texas and Oklahoma, Japan controlled California, England the northeast, Spain the south, and the rest of the country was divided into small emirates with an elite power-structure under external control?

Zealot Muslims have been the bastions of defense (also offense) for Arabs against the Europeans for 1,300 years. After overthrowing "democracy's" puppet government in Iran on November 4, 1979 student agitators overran the American Embassy, and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days.[88] Until the World Trade Center/Pentagon terrorist bombings, this was the greatest peacetime tweak of America 's nose in its history. To think that America would peacefully take that nose tweaking and the loss of control of Iranian oil is an exercise in extreme denial.

Containing Iraq. Here we can observe the importance of propaganda. One's own society is portrayed as "peaceful and democratic" even as they control other societies through military power and terror. The societies being suppressed are labeled dictators and terrorists.

The Iran-Iraq War started while those hostages were being held. The CIA's Mighty Wurlitzer was telling the American people the Soviet Union was backing Iraq. But when the Iraqis gassed their own Kurdish population (it is possible Iran did that, run a Google/Nexus-Lexus search) a U.S. senator angrily fumed on national news, "We have $800-million of arms in the pipeline to Iraq and we should cancel it all."

With the surfacing of that piece of hidden history (and other tidbits), simple common sense tells us that any imperial nation would pursue every option to damage a nation that was holding their citizens hostage and Iraq was surely coached into that invasion with the promise of backing for their claim of title to the oil fields right across its borders. With the entire "free" world behind them and Iran in turmoil, Iraq would have felt assured of success.

Even though they were arming Iraq, America wanted neither side to win. To prevent a win by either nation, satellite intelligence was provided to whichever side was threatened with losing territory. In its nine years, that war cost between 500,000 and 1-million dead, possibly 1.5-million wounded, and 2.5-million refugees.

Before the early 20th-Century subdivision of the Middle East Kuwait was a province of Iraq . Badly bruised from the Iran/Iraq war, upset about Kuwait 's horizontal, cross-border, drilling stealing oil from Iraq , and feeling America was now its friend after its immense support in providing arms for that war, Iraq moved to bring her lost province back into the fold. This led to the 1991 Gulf War in which 200,000 were killed in Iraq , destruction of her industry and infrastructure, a 12-year embargo in which another million Iraqis died, and the thousands killed in the 1991 Gulf War.

As this goes to press the latest war is said to install a "democratic" government in Iraq . But we must remember that democratic in this context means a government subservient to the West. What Was Iraq 's threat?

1 Iraq , Iran , and Libya control their own oil and use it for the benefit of their citizens.

2 Those nations were rapidly industrializing. If there is anything we have learned it is that capital does not tolerate an opposing center of capital arising.

3 Eleven percent of the world's oil is in Iraq . President Bush and Vice President Cheney are oil men and America 's and Britain 's current exclusion from Iraqi oil fields will end.[gg]

4 As America 's Middle East outpost there will be substantial incentive to destroy hostile powers bordering Israel . Such pressure is reduced with Saddam Hussein removed, especially if Israel has access to oil..

5    A meeting of President George W. Bush's advisors was held within days after his election in 2000 in which the decision to depose Saddam Hussein was made. Iraq Venezuela and Iran were considering switching to euros as their reserve currency which could crash the American economy.[89]For some that would be a cause.

6 But running a Google/Nexus-Lexus Internet search using the keywords "Defense Planning Guide, Cheney, Wolfowitz, 1992" will alert one that this war was planned over 11 years ago by the very people promoting the war today. So there are many reasons for that war, none of which apply directly to 9/11/2001 or to Saddam Hussein.[90]

7. As soon as the war was over the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA,) met and concluded that the 1st Gulf War cost them $600 billion and anticipated this 2nd Gulf war will cost them $1 trillion. All the destabilizations and overthrows of governments we are addressing were because of potentials for success if those countries gained or retained their freedom. There is no reason to doubt that the same reason applies to this war (search for "ESCWA, $600 million, 1,000 billion").

8 The Arab losses in item seven are matched by gains in the West. A serious study of in-depth articles will conclude that the economy of the world appears to be, on the average, shrinking. Gaining control of Iraq 's oil will gain control of OPEC, the price of oil can be held below $20 a barrel, and that will give the world economy a boost.[91]America's President George W. Bush is fortunate in Iraq's Saddam Hussein being, at the behest of America's Mighty Wurlitzer as outlined above, a leader most in the world would like to see deposed.

The occupation, the rebuilding of Iraq , who runs Iraq 's oil fields, the destination of that oil, and whether Iraq is rebuilt with American and British money or with Iraqi oil will alert the world as to which corporate powers were behind this war. Unless the Muslim world overthrows their Western puppet governments, do not look for Iraq to control its own government for a substantial length of time. (Run a Google/Nexus-Lexus Internet search to learn about the U.S. supporting Saddam Hussein’s rise to power and later supported an attempted overthrow leading to those mass graves. Also read Michel Chossudovsky, War and Globalization: The Truth behind September 11.)

Containing Indonesia. The overthrow of Indonesia 's Sukarno in 1965 is an example of state terrorism preventing freedom of choice on the periphery of empire. Indonesians had enormous natural resources and when they broke free after WWII they were bursting with idealism and confidence. As 25% of their population believed in communism, that political group was to be allotted 25% representation in the government.

This full democracy was not to be permitted by America with its system of two almost identical political parties with parallel interests and philosophies while smaller reformist political groups are marginalized to obscurity.[hh] On the second attempt the CIA overthrew Sukarno, installed Suharto, a list of over 4,000 political activists to be executed was provided by the CIA and soon-with CIA coaching and by that agency's own estimate-800,000 Indonesians were slaughtered.[92]

This massive terror was for no more reason than Indonesians were going to establish a full democracy and its assured success would be a beacon to other regions of the world that contained resources and markets crucial to entrenched capitalists.

Containing Libya. We hear of rogue states. All a "rogue state" means is that a country is bent on taking control of its own destiny. Most of the battles against rogue states we hear about are only efforts to regain control of them, rhetoric otherwise notwithstanding. If Libya, Iran, and Iraq were permitted control of their own destiny, their resources, oil pumped out of the ground for pennies per barrel, could far undersell Western products (fuel, medicines, plastics, synthetic fibers, and any fuel intensive production process) produced with oil costing the industrialized world anywhere from $15 to $40 a barrel.

After Libya declared its freedom, Britain tried several times to covertly overthrow Libya 's leader who responded by supporting violent anti-Western political movements. After direct bomber attacks, which killed President Muammar Khadaffi's adopted daughter, such supports were abandoned. Libya 's human losses have been small but, through embargoes, their economy has been successfully contained.

Containing Vietnam. While the Vietnam War was raging, the majority of Americans were deeply patriotic and supportive. Yet not many today believe America had any honest reason for that war. Three million Vietnamese, Laotians, and Cambodians died fighting for the same reason Americans fought their Revolutionary War; for freedom. Four million died when one counts those killed by the French before the U.S. took over that suppression of freedom. Four times the bombs (6.3-million tons) were dropped on tiny Vietnam , a country slightly larger than New York State , as were dropped during WWII. Millions of acres were devastated by Agent Orange, resulting in tens of thousands deformed Vietnamese babies. This was massive state terror by any measure. Though America lost that battle they won the war, Vietnamese resources are now available to the West and their economy is open for penetration by Western capital.[93] America gained their political freedom from the Revolutionary war and their economic freedom from the War of 1812. Vietnam has not gained their economic freedom.

Containing Nigeria. From 1966 to 1971 relief efforts were actively interfered with as possibly 2-million Biafrans, mostly children, starved in Nigeria , all over British attempts to control Nigerian oil. After long research, Dan Jacobs turned to an American National Security Council Staff person and said, "The British did this." The response, "Oh, of course, the British orchestrated the whole thing."[94]

Destabilizing Guatemala. With several truly independent political parties, of which the communists were one of the smallest, the newly elected Jacobo Arbenz proceeded to turn Guatemalan resources to the benefit of Guatemalans. United Fruit was not even using the land the Guatemalan government was reclaiming with bonds of the same value as the land was assessed for taxes.

Considering United Fruit obtained that land on even better conditions when they essentially owned the Guatemalan Government that was fair. Under the Mighty Wurlitzer's battle cry of a communist dictatorship (they were not communist), hundreds of propaganda articles were planted throughout South America along with tens of thousands of pamphlets and cartoon posters. Three propaganda movies were created.

With transmitters overriding Guatemalan radio, CIA planes strafed Guatemala City , smoke bombs made it appear like a 20-times larger attack, and the Guatemalan government fell. The Guatemalan Truth Commission concluded that 93% of the 200,000 slaughtered in Guatemala 's battle to regain their freedom were killed by U.S. supported military and CIA orchestrated terrorist death squads. Fifty-eight Guatemalan leaders were on a CIA assassination list when that government was overthrown. One can safely assume those on that list are among the many thousands killed by death squads.[95]

Destabilizing Chile. Managers of the American State went in shock in 1972 when Salvadore Allende's communist party won the election in Chile . Plans for his overthrow were quickly drawn up and implemented (including the assassination of Allende) and General Pinochet was placed in power. Among the 3,197 innocents (surely a figure far too low) officially killed by Pinochet's forces were Americans, Spanish, and a few other nationalities.

A Spanish judge charged Pinochet with killing 300 Spanish citizens. This backer of state terrorism avoided extradition and later, through a Chilean Supreme Court judgment of mental incompetency, avoided trial in his own country. But the acknowledgment of most countries of the legality of extradition to stand trial for other even more heinous crimes has curbed the travels of many powerful people, including some Americans.[96]

Containing El Salvador. El Salvador never did break free but fought hard to do so from 1980 through 1992. As in Guatemala , the US-backed elite's desperation to prevent democracy from functioning was brutal. When several tortured bodies a week show up in the El Salvador dump with their thumbs wired behind their back, the trademark of the death squads, and there is no attempt by officials to find their killers, one can be sure the U.S. backed El Salvador government was behind it. There were over 70,000 deaths from security forces armed and advised by the U.S. military and another 7,000 killed by death squads orchestrated by the same advisors.[97]

Destabilizing Nicaragua. The newly free Nicaraguan government of July 19, 1979 immediately implemented programs that started improving their citizens' education, health, and standard of living. Again the danger of a successful example of freedom was imminent and these heroic people came under immediate attack by Nicaraguan defectors (Contras) trained, funded, and coached by the CIA. Only a few thousand Nicaraguans were killed but the economy was devastated.

Nicaragua accommodated America with another election. With U.S. desired candidates heavily subsidized by the very nation assaulting them, the government slipped back into U.S. accepted political hands. Where billions were available to overthrow the popular government, little or no money was available to rebuild. According to BBC news, 1-in-9 children face starvation and Nicaragua has been returned to a country going nowhere.[98] They cannot be an example for other restless colonies and their resources remain available to the imperial nations.

Containing Angola, Mozambiqueand other FrontlineStates. The CIA officer in charge of the Angola desk, John Stockwell, said that American and South Africa 's support of the National Union for Total Independence (UNITA) was wrong. He recognized that Angolans wanted the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and that this group was, "best qualified to run Angola ; nor [were they] hostile to the United States ." Obviously the political and economic shattering of Angola was the purpose of supporting Savimbi, not the establishment of a functional friendly government.[99]

Newly free Mozambique endured a massive terror campaign orchestrated by the apartheid South African government. The frontline states of Zambia, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana faced similar destabilizations. (Crucial documentary: Wind of Change, order at 800.257.5126, item #BVL30750.) [100]

The Congo is immensely rich in minerals. There was no way to prevent the popular Patrice Lumumba from being their elected leader so he was assassinated by the CIA. Still the Congo could not be controlled so the province of Zaire, with most the mineral wealth, was carved off and Joseph Mobutu was installed as the Belgian/American puppet where he proceeded to send billions of dollars out of the country to his private bank accounts.[101] Of course for every billion dollars Mobutu stole from the Congo many tens of billions of dollars of mineral wealth was transferred to the imperial-centers-of-capital.

The destabilization of these immensely resource-wealthy emerging nations left between 1.5-million and 2-million dead, left the entire region impoverished, and that battle to control the immense wealth of Africa with huge loss of life is ongoing yet today.

Containing Cuba. Fidel Castro's 1959 victory over the American puppet General Batista created a crisis for American managers-of-state. Castro was not communist but he was free to guide the destiny of Cuba , which is always a problem for an imperial nation. Embargoes were immediately put in place and this forced Castro to turn to the Soviet Union for support. Cuba 's economy grew rapidly and soon her education equaled America 's and her average education level now leads the world. Of course, this only heightened the crisis. A successful emerging nation not under the control of the imperial center would alert all dependent nations to take control of their governments, their resources, and their destiny.

A total embargo was imposed and no corporation from any nation that did business with Cuba could do business with America . Any ship which docked at a Cuban port was denied rights to dock at any American port. Cane fields were both infected with fungus and burned, tobacco was infected with mildew, potatoes were infected with Thrips-palmi, 500,000 pigs infected with African swine fever had to be destroyed, Cubans were infected with dengue fever of which 158 died, and a Cuban airliner with Cuba's champion fencing team downed over the ocean were only a part of the covert efforts to destabilize Cuba.[ii]

There have been enough Cuban dissidents admitting to this sabotage that few will challenge this record. The full story is much larger. This author watched a news broadcast interviewing one of these saboteurs. He bragged about over 50 forays into Cuba , one in which he sabotaged a train on a trestle and watched it go into the ravine like in the movies.

The reader should note that, until the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and anthrax spread through the mail, no one was blowing up American or European trains and refineries, no one was burning American or European grain fields, no one poisoned 7,000 dairy cattle in the West such as was done to East Germany, and no one was practicing germ and crop warfare against the West. (This is a very short list of a very long history of worldwide terrorism to maintain control of the periphery of empire.)

In short, the truth is exactly apposite of what the CIA's Mighty Wurlitzer has propagandized the world to believe. No countries were attempting to overthrow Western nations; it is the rest of the world that was under assault by the West for the purpose of controlling their governments, their resources, and the wealth-producing-process.

Due to the CIA's Mighty Wurlitzer cranking out the misinformation of dictators and murderers, American people remained blissfully unaware that Cubans had attained a level of education and health care equal to America and had eliminated hunger while the rest of Latin America remained in poverty.

Note how successful these strategies-of-tension ("frameworks of orientation") are for controlling the mindset of a population. Talk to any American on the street. Most will know nothing of Cuba 's successes and, even though it is Cuba being terrorized by America and Cuba is not terrorizing anyone, they believe Cuba is a terrorist state in poverty.

As opposed to Cuba being a dictatorship, American Scholars attending the Cuban/American Philosophers Conference in late June 2002 were awed when Cuba shut down for three days so the entire country could debate, and vote on, changes in their constitution. They were further mesmerized to watch between 150 and 200 Cuban citizens speak their thoughts to the Cuban parliament. Well educated children under 10 years of age, teenagers, young adults, those of middle age, and seniors-who before Castro would have been impoverished and illiterate-gave impassioned speeches. The nation's elected body to whom they spoke was made up of their freely elected peers most of whom, once they had gained their freedom, also rose out of poverty and illiteracy.

Americans: Test your peers and bring up the subject of Cuba . You will find they believe Castro is a murderous dictator and Cubans under Castro are incompetent and impoverished. The truth is that those killed by the Cuban government were few and those that were executed were working under the guidance of the CIA to suppress Cuban freedom. That is a capital offense in almost all countries.

On a positive note, Cuba is slowly recovering from the loss of the Soviet Union as a trading partner (that was a condition imposed on Russia to obtain money after the 1991 Soviet collapse). She may yet succeed to control her own destiny. Cuban doctors have gone to the poorest regions of the world's poorest countries to provide medical care. Cuba is now providing free medical scholarships to students from poor nations and has even provided 50 free scholarships to poor American students with the understanding that they will practice in the poorer parts of the U.S. which have a shortage of good doctors.[102] So much for Cuban terrorists.

The Korean War: A Strategy-of-Tension for Worldwide Suppression of Breaks for Freedom

Any power-structure, "democratic" or dictatorship, facing the loss of control on the periphery of empire, will find or create an excuse for war. Because all the records were not destroyed as ordered, it is now known the American Joint Chiefs of Staff urged President Kennedy to create an excuse for a war with Cuba . To create massive anger, and thus support for war, it was planned for innocent Americans to die:

In the name of anticommunism, they proposed launching a secret and bloody war of terrorism against their own country in order to trick the American public into supporting an ill-conceived war they intended to launch against Cuba . Codenamed Operation Northwoods, the plans which had the approval of the Chairman and every member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, called for innocent Americans to be shot on American streets; for boats carrying refugees from Cuba to be sunk in the high seas; for a wave of violent terrorism to be launched in Washington D.C., Miami, and elsewhere. People would be blamed for bombings they did not commit; planes would be hijacked. Using phony evidence, all of it would be blamed on Castro, thus giving Lemnitzer and his cabal the excuse, as well as the public and international backing, they needed to launch their war.[103] [jj]

Likewise the Korean War was a strategy-of-tension putting National Security Council Directive 68, the master plan for the Cold War discussed above, into effect. The managers of the American state had determined that suppressing the world's break for freedom would require increasing the military budget 350%. Only a long-standing threat to wealth and power could justify such massive remilitarization. The purpose of the Korean War was to prove to the world that the threat of the loss of their liberty (the massive propaganda the CIA's Mighty Wurlitzer was cranking out to build this “framework of orientation”) was real and imminent.[kk]

Even with massive slaughters in South Korea (over 100,000 killed) as these citizens protested against the Syngman Rhee government installed by America , that outpost of empire was soon to be lost. So there was nothing to lose by going to war and there was a whole world to gain through remilitarization to suppress the world's break for freedom.

As proven by the accidental release to history of a conversation within General Douglas MacArthur's staff, and the fact that it took three days for the North Koreans to push the South Koreans out of Heiju, north of the 38th parallel and well into North Korea's territory, it was South Korea that started that war.[104]

The battle was very unequal; 35,000 Americans were killed while 4-million Koreans and Chinese perished and a whole nation was devastated. As with the Gulf War, the Yugoslavian destabilization, the overthrow of the Taliban in Afghanistan , or the 2nd Gulf War, there was no risk that America was going to lose this war or even that their casualties would be high. This, of course, is more proof that North Korea did not start that war. Why would they start a war they were unprepared for and when the massive riots in South Korea indicated the two halves of Korea were going to rejoin as a free and independent nation? Peace was far more advantageous to North Korea than war and war was the only way the imperial-centers-of-capital could retain control.[ll]

Though any battle is traumatic and the Americans, when pushed back from the Yalu river by the Chinese, did then face a capable enemy, I.F. Stone, our primary source, explains how many of the early battles in the South were little more than press releases passed out by intelligence service wordsmiths. American troops would make sweeps and were many times searching for enemies they could not find. But those sweeps were recorded in the media of record as vicious battles. If you or I had been the reporters, we would have reported the same battles. After all, it was taken right off U.S. army daily press releases.

But the relatively small number of Americans killed and the massive numbers of North Koreans and Chinese killed tell the real story. While the poorly equipped North Koreans and Chinese did suffer heavy casualties on the front line, most of the 4-million were killed by America napalming North Korea to the ground. There was hardly a building left standing in the North which, until very late in the war, was totally defenseless against America 's air force and navy. There were few war industries to bomb and one wonders at the logic of military commanders ordering the bombing of those undefended cities. The napalming of those modest homes accounts for half the 4-million killed being women and children.

The essential story of the Korean War was that peace could not be permitted until the entire Western world was psychologically programmed to accept rearming to suppress breaks for freedom (called insurgencies) all over the world. Each time peace seemed about to break out at the Panmunjom peace negotiations, there would be a massive ground offensive, air raid, a naval bombardment, or all three.

Besides fraudulent press releases distorting battles, history is fraudulently written by omission of slaughters that do occur. The greatest naval and air bombardment in history went unreported in the Western Press as the navies of three countries and the American air force, bombed, strafed, and shelled three defenseless North Korean port cities for 41 straight days and nights, all to tweak the nose of the North Koreans and Chinese so they could not sign a peace agreement.[105]

Any signing under such pressure would have been a total surrender and, with the Chinese now fighting the battle, neither the Chinese nor the North Koreans were about to surrender. A peace agreement was not signed until the West's war machine was rebuilt to a level to successfully suppress the worldwide breaks for freedom.

This is how strategies-of-tensions work. Powerful nations create crisis to obtain the loyalty of their citizens for policies-of-state that would never be accepted by that citizenry, or the world, if the full story were known.

Those falsified “frameworks of orientation” were successful. The entire Western world rearmed, virtually all breaks for freedom, except Cuba's and China's, were suppressed, the world's resources remained under the control of the imperial centers, control of the wealth-producing-process is secure, and the world's wealth continues to flow to the imperial-centers-of-capital.

Though the old imperial nations supported these destabilizations, occasionally very substantially, the suppression of the world's break for freedom was carried out primarily by America . Not even those being bombed and napalmed could believe America was doing this and of course American citizens would never believe it.

Not only is the truth of current violent history kept secret, the violent and embarrassing aspects of early history are also ignored. What must be understood is that early Christians violently destroyed other religions and even other peaceful Christian sects. It has been survival of the meanest. In 1099 the first Crusaders sacked Jerusalem and massacred Muslims, Jews, and even Christians. When the Muslim leader Saladin retook Jerusalem in 1187, none were killed when the Christians surrendered and protection was provided for the departing caravans of refugees.[106]Earlier Christians destroyed the Library of Alexandria (according to Edward Gibbons but challenged by others) and executed virtually every educated Egyptian.

Gibbons is almost certainly correct. The destruction of that Library occurred 50 to 70 years after the the alliance of Christians and the Roman Empire in the 4^th Century when all libraries and pagan temples throughout the Roman Empire would have viewed the Egyptians as a competing power and a competing culture. The collapse of the Roman Empire starting in the 5th-Century heralded the beginning of the Dark Ages. Among the knowledge of the world stored in the Library of Alexandria was an operating steam engine. Thus Christian fundamentalists controlling governments delayed the Industrial Revolution for over a thousand years.[mm]

Other cultures are under assault by the West’s alliance with Christianity just as competing cultures were once under the assault of the alliance of Rome and Christianity. Though it has ebbed and flowed, that alliance has held for 1600 years. With their natural wealth and the production of their labors appropriated by Western societies, other cultures cannot provide a quality life to their people. Through processing the world's natural wealth into industries and consumer products the aggressive wealthy world is able to provide both economic rights and political rights to their citizens. The very weapons of war that maintain the suppression of weak cultures are produced from the resources of the countries being maintained in dependency.

With U.S. military forces in 130 countries around the world 13 years after the Cold War is over, with America spending more on arms than the next 15 largest military powers, and with most those powers allied with the U.S., it is impossible for America to deny it is an empire or that, with their military and trading allies, they form an allied imperial-center-of-capital. Those covert and overt suppressions of the breaks for freedom on the periphery of empire as America protected the wealthy world's access to resources and the wealth-producing-process, violently killing millions and destroying entire economies, was wholesale terrorism and these battles threaten civilization just as did the struggles between cultures for millennia.[nn]

The battle over resources and control of the wealth-producing-process is never ending. Imperial nations have a desk analyzing every nation and every event on the periphery. The destabilizations described here are the decisions based on those analyses. This book provides the tools to understand the real purposes behind the foreign policy as it unfolds.

Secure control of the world is not possible when a non-allied powerful nation is free to support struggles for freedom on the periphery of empire. We now turn to the necessary containment of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe to eliminate that threat.